专利名称:铁合金埋弧炉炉况分析仪的制作方法
技术领域:
本实用新型涉及一种铁合金埋弧炉炉况分析仪,属电子设备领域。
现有铁合金埋弧炉操作时凭经验目测,其精度低,不能准确、及时地控制炉况,能源消耗大。而且经计算机联机检索未见有自动测量铁合金埋弧炉内碳平衡状况仪器的报道。
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种能自动并准确地检测、反映铁合金生产过程中埋弧炉内碳平衡炉况的智能铁合金埋弧炉炉况分析仪。以便及时、准确控制炉况、减少能源消耗。
本实用新型的技术方案为它由电流信号传感器(变压器)8、碳平衡炉况分析部分、报警电路部分组成;碳平衡炉况分析部分由A/D转换接口7、公知固态继电器接口1、公知的微型计算机6、显示器5、磁盘驱动器4组成,报警电路由直接与固态继电器连接的电铃3、报警灯2组成。
电流信号传感器(变压器)8一端连于埋弧炉的3对石墨电极端9,另一端连于A/D转换接口7输入端;A/D转换接口7输出端与微型计算机6相连;固态继电器接口1输出端与报警灯2、电铃3相连,输入端与微型计算机6相连。
本实用新型磁盘驱动器4内装有存有炉况分析的软件的磁盘。
本实用新型采用软硬件相结合的办法,由电流信号传感器从埋炉炉石墨电极端取得信号并由炉况分析部分实现频谱分析并判断炉况,故具有自动化程度高、反映炉况准确、便于节约能源、提高经济效益的优点,同时还具有声光报警,便于及时提醒调整炉况。
图1为本实用新型连接框图。
图2为本实用新型A/D转换接口逻辑图。
图3为本实用新型固态继电器接口逻辑图。
以下结合附图对本实用新型作进一步详述如图一,铁合金埋弧炉炉况分析仪由变压器(电流信号传感器)3、碳平衡炉况分析部分、报警电路部分组成。碳平衡炉况分析部分由A/D转换接口7、固态继电器接口1、微型计算机6、显示器5、磁盘驱动器4组成;报警电路由直接与固态继电器连接的一个电铃3、7个报警灯2(分别指示“电极号”,“亏碳”,“过碳”,“严重亏碳”,“正常”,“有问题”,7种炉况)组成。
磁盘驱动器4内装有存有相应软件的磁盘,软件用BASIC语言和Z-80汇编语言结合,也可全用Z-80汇编语言。
微型计算机采用YEE8100(或TRS80等)。
图2为A/D转换接口7,其中10为微机外部数据输入线DI0-DI7,11为AD7574,12为采样保护器AD582,13为双4通道多路模拟开光AD7502,它的输入来自变压器8的输出(只用了3对输入端,另一端空着),15为74LS1121为微机外部地比线A0-A7,20为74LS04;19为地址译码器74LS30,18为74L32;22、23分别为微机外设控制信号线SINP和SOUT;24为电解电容,25、26、27、28、29分别为三端稳压器7805、7810、7910、7815、7915、16为微机的外部数据输入线DI0~DI3。
图3为固态继电器接口1,30为微机外部数据输入线DO0-D07;31为八D锁存器74LS373;32为驱动器74LS06,33为3个JGX-3F型固态继电器,其输出端分别连接指示炉况的7个指示灯2和一个报警电铃3;40为微机复位控制线,35为74LS32;39为微机输出地址线A0-A7,36为地址译码器74LS30,33为微机输出控制线SOUT;37为反相器74LS04,34为三端集成稳压器7805。
使用时,将本炉况分析仪的输入端(即变压器8的输入端)与埋弧炉的三个石墨电极相连;此时埋弧炉电弧的一端是石墨电极;另一端是熔融的炉料;当炉料中含量增加时,电弧的非线性减少;反之;则电弧的非线性增加;电弧的非线性变化的电流信号由变压器8送入炉况分析部分;然后由其对电极电流信号进行频谱分析;再根据波形的非线性程度对炉况的碳平衡状况作出判断,并由固态继电器33推动电铃3、指示灯2进行声光报警;同时;由显示器5用汉字显示相应的炉况。汉字显示器及声光报警均设有“正常”、“亏碳”、“过碳”、“严重亏碳”、“严重过碳”、“电极号”、“有问题”7个档次,每个档次同时用汉字显示调整炉况的意见,供操作人员参考、操作时,遇到“严重过碳”或“严重亏碳”时;或出现电极硬断初期时,声光报警器同时报警,提醒工人及时处理;防止事故发生。
对电极电流信号的频谱分析;本可以直接用专用的FFT硬件完成,但FFT芯片价格昂贵,而炉况变化是一缓慢过程;故采用软件与硬件相结合;通过A/D转换接口得到电流信号;再由软件FFT进行频谱分析。实践证明,它完全能满足实时监测。本分析仪的软件为
20 DIM A(258)30 CLS40 H=782GOSUB 460GOSUB 40050 FOR X=1 TO 360 OUT(246),X-170 GOSUB 61080 IF B(2)〈1 THEN H=62GOSUB 460GOSUB 420GOTO 27090 W(X)=D*100100 NEXT X110 FOR X=1 TO 3120 IF W(X)〈25 THEN Y(X)=Y(X)+W(X)130 NEXT X140 FOR X=1 TO 3150 IF X=3 THEN W(4)=W(1)W(5)=W(3)Y(4)=Y(1)Y(5)=Y(3)GOTO 170160 W(4)=W(X)W(5)=W(X+1)Y(4)=Y(X)Y(5)=Y(X+1)170 IF X=1 THEN H=782GOTO 190180 H=962+90*X190 GOSUB 460200 GOSUB 500RESTORE210 FOR I=15936 TO 16383220 POKE I,32230 NEXT I240 GOSUB 290250 FOR I=1 TO 65535260 NEXT 1270 NEXT X280 GOTO 50290 IF Y(4)〉250 AND Y(5)〉250 THEN H=1772GOSUB 460GOSUB 410H=136G0SUB 80RETURN300 IF W(4)〉25 AND W(5)〉25 THEN H=1322GOSUB 460GOSUB 400H=204GOSUB 350RETURN310 IF W(4)〉18 AND W(5)〉18 THEN H=422GOSUB 460GOSUB 420H=172GOSUB 350RETURN320 IF W(4)〈5 OR W(5)〈5 THEN H=1322GOSUB 460GOSUB 390H=176GOSUB 350RETURN330 IF W(4)〈10 OR W(5)〈10 THEN H=602GOSUB 460GOSUB 420H=144GOSUB 350RETURN340 H=242GOSUB 460GOSUB 420OUT(245),0RETURN350 IF X=3 THEN H=H+4GOTO 378360 H=H+X370 OUT(245),H380 RETURN390 GOSUB 500400 GOSUB 500410 GOSUB 500420 GOSUB 500430 GOSUB 500440 RESTORE450 RETURN460 FOR I=1 TO H470 READ U480 NEXT I490 RETURN500 FOR I=1 TO 6510 READ U520 U=15360+U530 FOR J=1 TO 14540 READ V550 V=128+V560 POKE U,V570 U=U+1580 NEXT J590 NEXT I
600 RETURN610 FOR I=0 TO 61620 READ O630 POKE &HFF00+I,0640 NEXT I650 RESTORE660 DEFUSR=&HFF00670 Y=USR(1)680 FOR I=1 TO 128690 A(2*I)=(PEEK〈&HFF3F+I)-127)/127700 A(2*I+1)=0710 NEXT I720 S=7N=128T=-1730 B=N/2C=N-1J=1740 FOR L=1 TO C750 IF L〉=J THEN 790760 P=A(2*J)Q=A(2*J+1)770 A(2*J)=A(2*L)A(2*J+1)=A(2*L+1)780 A(2*L)=PA(2*L+1)=0790 K=B800 IF K〉=J THEN 830810 J=J-KK=K/2820 GOTO 800830 J=J+K840 NEXT L850 R=3.141592653860 FOR I=1 TO S870 U=1V=0M=1880 FOR L=1 TO I890 M=2*M900 NEXT L910 K=M/2920 E=COS(R/K)F=T*SIN(R/K)930 FOR J=1 TO K940 FOR L=J TO N STEP M950 G=L+KP=A(2*G)*U-A(2*G+1)*VQ=A(2*G)*V+A(2*G+1)*U960 A(2*G)=A(2*L)-PA(2*G+1)=A(2*L+1)-Q970 A(2*L)=A(2*L)+PA(2*L+1)=A(2*L+1)+Q980 NEXT L990 Z=U*E-V*FV=U*F+V*EU=Z1000 NEXT J1010 NEXT I1020 C=01030 FOR I=1 TO 91040 B(I)=SQR〈A(2*I)*A(2*I)+A(2*I+1)*A(2*I+1))1050 IF I〈3 THEN 10701060 C=C+B(I)*B(I)1070 NEXT I1080 IF B(2)=0 THEN 11001090 D=SQR(C)/B(2)1100 RETURN1110 DATA 46,32,211,247,6,16,16,254,219,247,254,255,32,5,45,32,241,24,22,79,211,247,6,16,16,254,219,247,185,56,227,40,225,254,126,56,221,254,129,48,217,14,129,33,63,255,211,247,0,0,6,16,16,254,219,247,119,35,13,32,241,2011120 DATA 582,0,0,0,48,12,0,0,0,0,60,0,0,0,01130 DATA 646,48,12,63,0,0,63,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,631140 DATA 710,0,0,63,0,0,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,481150 DATA 774,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,01160 DATA 838,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,01170 DATA 902,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,12,48,63,0,0,0,01180 DATA 618,0,0,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,0,0,01190 DATA 682,0,0,60,12,12,12,63,12,12,12,60,0,0,0
1200 DATA 746,0,0,63,12,12,12,63,12,12,12,63,0,0,01210 DATA 810,0,0,63,12,12,12,63,12,12,12,63,0,0,01220 DATA 874,0,0,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,0,0,01230 DATA 938,0,0,0,0,0,0,15,48,48,48,48,48,12,31240 DATA 582,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01250 DATA 646,0,0,0,12,12,12,12,12,60,12,12,12,12,01260 DATA 710,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,01270 DATA 774,0,0,0,0,68,0,0,0,63,48,48,48,0,01280 DATA 838,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,01290 DATA 902,0,48,48,48,63,48,48,48,63,48,48,48,48,481300 DATA 618,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01310 DATA 682,48,48,48,51,60,48,63,48,48,60,51,48,48,481320 DATA 746,15,0,0,60,12,12,12,12,12,12,60,0,0,151330 DATA 810,0,48,48,51,51,51,63,51,51,51,51,48,48,01340 DATA 874,0,63,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,48,0,63,01350 DATA 938,0,3,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,3,0,01360 DATA 582,0,0,0,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,0,0,01370 DATA 646,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,481380 DATA 710,0,0,0,0,60,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01390 DATA 774,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,51,15,0,01400 DATA 838,0,0,0,0,48,0,0,0,0,60,3,0,0,01410 DATA 902,0,0,0,0,0,3,12,12,3,0,0,0,0,01420 DATA 618,0,0,0,48,0,0,0,60,0,0,0,48,0,01430 DATA 682,0,0,0,63,12,12,60,15,12,12,12,63,0,01440 DATA 746,0,12,12,12,12,60,63,12,12,12,12,12,12,121450 DATA 810,0,0,0,0,48,15,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,01460 DATA 874,0,0,0,60,3,0,63,0,48,15,48,12,3,01470 DATA 938,0,48,15,0,0,0,48,12,3,0,3,12,48,01480 DATA 582,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,60,0,0,01490 DATA 646,0,3,60,0,0,12,12,12,12,12,63,12,12,121500 DATA 710,0,48,48,48,0,0,60,0,0,0,63,0,0,01510 DATA 774,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,3,0,0,63,0,0,01520 DATA 838,0,0,48,15,0,0,0,3,12,12,3,0,0,01530 DATA 902,48,12,3,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,121540 DATA 618,0,0,0,48,0,0,0,60,0,0,0,48,0,01550 DATA 682,0,0,0,63,12,12,60,15,12,12,12,63,0,01560 DATA 746,0,12,12,12,12,60,63,12,12,12,12,12,12,121570 DATA 810,0,0,0,0,48,15,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,01580 DATA 874,0,0,0,60,3,0,63,0,48,15,48,12,3,01590 DATA 938,0,48,15,0,0,0,48,12,3,0,3,12,48,01600 DATA 64,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01610 DATA 128,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01620 DATA 192,0,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,0,0,01630 DATA 256,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01640 DATA 320,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01650 DATA 384,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01660 DATA 78,0,0,0,0,63,3,3,3,3,63,0,0,0,01670 DATA 142,0,0,0,0,15,3,3,3,3,15,0,0,0,01680 DATA 206,0,12,12,12,12,12,60,12,12,12,12,12,12,01690 DATA 270,0,0,0,48,60,51,48,48,48,48,48,48,0,01700 DATA 334,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,60,3,0,01710 DATA 398,0,0,0,0,0,3,12,48,12,3,0,0,0,01720 DATA 94,0,0,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,0,0,01730 DATA 158,0,0,60,12,12,12,63,12,12,12,60,0,0,01740 DATA 222,0,0,63,12,12,12,63,12,12,12,63,0,0,01750 DATA 286,0,0,63,12,12,12,63,12,12,12,63,0,0,01760 DATA 350,0,0,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,0,0,01770 DATA 414,0,0,0,0,0,0,15,48,48,48,48,48,12,31780 DATA 112,0,0,0,63,0,0,12,12,60,12,12,12,60,01790 DATA 176,0,12,12,63,12,12,0,0,63,0,0,60,3,01800 DATA 240,0,48,12,63,12,48,0,0,63,0,3,3,63,01810 DATA 304,12,3,0,63,0,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,63,01820 DATA 368,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,63,0,3,12,63,0,0
1830 DATA 432,0,0,0,63,0,48,15,0,48,12,3,0,15,481840 DATA 64,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01850 DATA 128,0,0,0,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,0,0,0,01860 DATA 192,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01870 DATA 256,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01880 DATA 320,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01890 DATA 384,0,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,0,01900 DATA 64,0,0,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,0,0,01910 DATA 128,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01920 DATA 192,0,0,0,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,0,0,0,01930 DATA 256,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01940 DATA 320,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,01950 DATA 384,0,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,0,01960 DATA 576,0,12,12,12,12,60,12,12,60,12,12,12,12,01970 DATA 640,0,0,3,12,0,63,0,0,63,0,12,3,0,01980 DATA 704,0,0,60,12,12,15,12,12,15,12,12,12,0,01990 DATA 768,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,02000 DATA 832,0,0,63,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,02010 DATA 896,0,60,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,02020 DATA 590,0,0,0,48,48,48,48,48,48,12,12,0,0,02030 DATA 654,0,12,12,12,12,12,12,63,12,12,12,12,12,122040 DATA 718,0,0,0,63,3,3,3,63,3,3,3,63,0,02050 DATA 702,0,0,0,63,3,3,3,63,3,3,3,63,0,02060 DATA 846,0,0,0,15,3,3,3,63,3,3,3,15,0,02070 DATA 910,0,48,51,51,51,51,51,63,51,51,51,51,48,02080 DATA 608,0,0,0,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,0,0,02090 DATA 672,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,482100 DATA 736,0,0,0,0,60,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,02110 DATA 800,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,51,15,0,02120 DATA 864,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,60,3,0,0,02130 DATA 928,0,0,0,0,3,12,48,48,15,0,0,0,0,02140 DATA 623,0,0,0,48,0,0,0,60,0,0,0,48,0,02150 DATA 687,0,0,0,63,12,12,60,15,12,12,12,63,0,02160 DATA 751,0,12,12,12,12,60,15,12,12,12,12,12,12,122170 DATA 815,0,0,0,0,48,15,48,0,0,63,0,0,0,02180 DATA 879,0,0,0,60,3,0,15,0,48,15,48,12,3,02190 DATA 943,0,48,15,0,0,0,48,12,3,0,3,12,48,02200 DATA 608,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,60,0,0,02210 DATA 672,0,3,60,0,0,12,12,12,12,12,63,12,12,122220 DATA 736,0,48,48,48,0,0,60,0,0,0,63,0,0,02230 DATA 800,0,0,0,63,0,0,0,3,0,0,63,0,0,02240 DATA 864,0,0,48,15,0,0,0,3,12,12,3,0,0,02250 DATA 928,48,12,3,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,12,122260 DATA 581,48,48,48,48,48,63,60,48,48,48,48,48,60,482270 DATA 645,0,0,48,60,63,51,48,48,48,48,48,60,48,02280 DATA 709,12,3,3,0,63,63,48,48,48,48,63,63,0,02290 DATA 773,0,0,0,0,63,63,48,48,48,48,63,63,0,02300 DATA 837,0,0,0,0,63,63,0,0,0,48,63,63,0,02310 DATA 901,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,02320 DATA 601,3,15,60,12,0,48,48,48,48,48,48,48,60,482330 DATA 645,63,60,0,60,48,48,48,48,60,48,0,63,63,02340 DATA 729,63,63,0,63,63,0,0,63,63,0,0,63,63,02350 DATA 793,63,63,0,63,15,12,12,63,15,0,0,63,63,02360 DATA 857,63,63,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,48,48,63,63,02370 DATA 921,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,02380 DATA 621,63,60,12,12,60,63,12,12,12,60,60,12,15,122390 DATA 665,63,63,51,51,63,63,0,63,12,15,12,12,63,122400 DATA 749,15,60,12,60,63,12,12,63,0,63,63,0,63,02410 DATA 813,48,63,15,63,63,0,0,3,48,63,15,60,51,02420 DATA 877,63,3,3,15,63,60,60,51,51,48,48,48,63,512430 DATA 941,3,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,02440 END
权利要求一种铁合金埋弧炉炉况分析仪,其特征在于由电流信号传感器8、碳平衡炉况分析部分、报警电路部分组成,电流信号传感器8为变压器,碳平衡炉况分析部份由普通A/D转换接口7、普通固态继电器接口1、微型计算机6、显示器5、磁盘驱动器4组成,报警电路由直接与固态继电器连接的电铃3、报警灯2组成,电流信号传感器8一端为炉况分析仪输入端,另一端连于普通A/D转换接口7输入端,A/D转换接口7输出端与微型计算机6相连,普通固态继电器接口1输出端与报警灯2、电铃3相连,输入端与微型计算机6相连。
专利摘要本实用新型提供一种铁合金埋弧炉炉况分析仪,属电子设备领域。本实用新型由传感器、A/D转换接口、继电器组、微型计算机、显示器、报警灯、电铃组成。电流信号传感器一端为炉况分析仪输入端,另一端连于普通A/D转换接口输入端与埋弧炉配合使用,具有自动化程度高,能准确用汉字显示炉内碳含量及处理意见,并有声光报警、预报电极硬断等功能,适用于铁合金生产;节约能源、经济效益好。
文档编号F27D21/00GK2110199SQ9121634
公开日1992年7月15日 申请日期1991年6月10日 优先权日1991年6月10日
发明者郑苏民, 张懋洵, 邹昆林 申请人:云南大学, 楚雄彝族自治州科学技术委员会